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Note: The following description applies both to Postgres-XC and PostgreSQL if not described explicitly. You can read PostgreSQL as Postgres-XC except for version number, which is specific to each product.
The json data type can be used to store JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data, as specified in RFC 4627. Such data can also be stored as text, but the json data type has the advantage of checking that each stored value is a valid JSON value. There are also related support functions available; see Section 9.15.
PostgreSQL allows only one server encoding per database. It is therefore not possible for JSON to conform rigidly to the specification unless the server encoding is UTF-8. Attempts to directly include characters which cannot be represented in the server encoding will fail; conversely, characters which can be represented in the server encoding but not in UTF-8 will be allowed. \uXXXX escapes are allowed regardless of the server encoding, and are checked only for syntactic correctness.